Insurance Law

Insurance Law Attorney in Belgium

Car accident, property damage, incapacity for work, death of a loved one: the moments when you call on your insurance are rarely happy ones. And when the insurer delays payment, disputes the claim, invokes a coverage exclusion, or offers a derisory settlement, frustration can turn to despair.

Mis à jour en février 2026

Car accident, property damage, incapacity for work, death of a loved one: the moments when you call on your insurance are rarely happy ones. And when the insurer delays payment, disputes the claim, invokes a coverage exclusion, or offers a derisory settlement, frustration can turn to despair. Belgian insurance law, codified in the Act of 4 April 2014, sets the rules of the game between insurers and policyholders. But these rules are complex, and insurance policy terms and conditions are drafted by lawyers working for the companies. A specialised lawyer rebalances the power dynamic and helps you obtain the compensation you're entitled to.

Why a lawyer when dealing with your insurance company?

Insurance companies employ armies of lawyers and experts whose job is to minimise payouts. Facing this machine, individuals or small businesses cut a poor figure.

The insurance law lawyer knows the standard contracts, the recurring clauses, the often abusive exclusions. They can read between the lines of general conditions and identify legal arguments to challenge a coverage refusal.

They also master amicable and judicial expert assessments. When the insurer's expert undervalues your damages, the lawyer can demand a counter-assessment, request appointment of a court expert, or assert a contradictory assessment. The sums at stake can be considerable.

Finally, the specialised lawyer knows recent case law. Insurance law evolves through Court of Cassation and court of appeal decisions. Recent rulings may invalidate clauses the insurer thought they could invoke against you.

Insurance lawyer costs

Good news: if you have legal protection insurance, it generally covers disputes with insurers. Check your policies (often included in home or car insurance).

If the insurer refuses to handle your case or you don't have legal protection, fees depend on the stakes.

For a simple dispute (challenging a refusal, negotiating compensation), expect 1,000 to 3,000 euros in lawyer fees.

For cases involving expert assessments (significant damage, personal injury), proceedings are longer and more expensive. Fees can reach 5,000 to 15,000 euros or more.

In major personal injury cases (permanent disability, death), some lawyers accept success fees: they receive a percentage of the compensation obtained, avoiding the need for substantial upfront payments.

Most common insurance disputes

Road accident compensation is major litigation. When liability is disputed or shared, when personal injuries are significant, negotiations with the insurer can last years. Damage assessment (medical expenses, lost income, moral damages, third-party assistance) is often underestimated by the insurer.

Property claims (fire, water damage, storm) give rise to disputes over the origin of the loss, the extent of damage, and coverage exclusions. The insurer's expert and the policyholder's expert rarely share the same view of necessary repairs.

Disability and incapacity insurance is a frequent source of conflict. The insurer disputes the degree of incapacity, reclassifies the condition, or prematurely terminates benefits. The financial consequences for the policyholder can be dramatic.

Finally, coverage refusal for inaccurate or late risk declaration is regularly contested. The law imposes strict conditions for the insurer to invoke these grounds. A lawyer can verify whether these conditions are met.

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Questions fréquentes

Can the insurer refuse to compensate me if I declared the claim late?
Late declaration only justifies refusal if it caused prejudice to the insurer (inability to verify circumstances, for example) and if the delay is attributable to your fault or negligence. In practice, a delay of a few days is generally insufficient to justify total refusal of compensation.
What is a contradictory expert assessment?
When you dispute the insurer's expert's valuation, you can request a contradictory assessment: each party appoints their expert, and the two experts try to reach agreement. Failing agreement, they appoint a third expert who decides. Your expert's fees are your responsibility, unless otherwise agreed.
Can the Insurance Ombudsman help me?
Yes, this free and independent service examines complaints against insurance companies. They cannot force you to accept their decision, but can issue a non-binding opinion. If the insurer doesn't follow a favourable opinion, you retain the option of going to court.
How long does the insurer have to compensate me?
The law imposes a 30-day deadline after agreement on the compensation amount. In case of expert assessment, the insurer has 90 days to finalise the assessment, then 30 days to pay. Late payment interest is due if these deadlines are exceeded.
Can I cancel my insurance contract at any time?
Since 2020, you can cancel most insurance contracts after the first year, with two months' notice. Watch for exceptions (life insurance, insurance linked to credit). Check your contract conditions and observe notice periods.
Can my car insurance claim back compensation paid to the victim from me?
Yes, in certain cases the insurer can exercise recourse against their own policyholder: drink driving, driving without licence, intentional fault, failure to declare the regular driver. The insurer first pays the victim, then claims the sums back from you. The amounts can be considerable.
How do I challenge the assessment of my personal injury damages?
Have your after-effects evaluated by an independent medical adviser (not the insurer's). Compare their report with the opposing expert's. If discrepancies are significant, request a court expert assessment. The financial stakes can justify this step, especially for permanent disabilities.
Does legal protection insurance cover my lawyer fees?
Generally yes, within the policy limits (maximum cover, possible excess). You have free choice of lawyer. If the insurer disputes coverage or the fee amount, you can refer to the Insurance Ombudsman.

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